This probing analysis examines the ideological and psychological elements involved in historical acts of denial. Major cases of dissent are discussed in terms of their base issues—Holocaust denial as an ethnic phenomenon, Stalinist denial by Marxist scholars as an ideological phenomenon, Japanese jingoistic denial since the 1960s as a cultural phenomenon—while the pathology of repudiation and self-deception are skillfully explored. Online conspiracy theories and other, more modern, ruses are also discussed.